elementary os

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Elementary OS作为Ubuntu的扩展分支，号称是最美的Linux发行版。系统不仅主题美而且对Ubuntu进行了大幅精简，系统结构显得轻巧不少，运行效率也不错，官方甚至打出了“A fast and open replacement for Windows and macOS”的口号，其野心可见一班。

安装操作系统

从官网https://elementary.io/zh_CN/中下载iso文件，下载时输入金额为0即可。用Universal-USB-Installer.exe刻录成U盘进行安装。

docker缩放

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sudo apt update
sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ricotz/docky
sudo apt upgrade
killall plank

安装基础包

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sudo apt-get install vim
sudo apt-get install unrar
#sudo apt install google-chrome-stable
#sudo apt install electron-ssr
sudo apt install aria2

安装Tweaks

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#sudo add-apt-repository ppa:philip.scott/elementary-tweaks
#sudo apt-get update
#sudo apt-get install elementary-tweaks

#https://github.com/pantheon-tweaks/pantheon-tweaks
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:philip.scott/pantheon-tweaks
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install -y pantheon-tweaks

#sudo apt-get install dconf-editor
sudo apt-get install dconf-tools
#sudo apt install nautilus

修改操作系统配置

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cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
#sudo vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.inotify.max_user_instances=1280
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=655360
vm.overcommit_memory=1
sudo sysctl -p

重启系统，然后再通过应用中心下载：Eddy与GNOME Tweaks，GNOME Tweaks可以设置屏幕缩放。

系统托盘

安装stalonetray：

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sudo apt-get install stalonetray

配置：
vim ~/.stalonetrayrc

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#geometry 1x1+1700+1040
#transparent true
#window_layer top
#slot_size 14
#icon_size 30

#http://stalonetray.sourceforge.net/manpage.html
geometry  1x1+1890-0
background "#110e0e"
transparent true
window_layer bottom
grow_gravity SE
icon_gravity SE 
slot_size 25
icon_size 40

删除多余的网络图标：

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sudo mv /etc/xdg/autostart/nm-applet.desktop ~/

cat /Developer/stalonetray.sh

#/bin/sh

sleep 1

/usr/bin/stalonetray

配置环境变量

vim ~/.bashrc

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alias ll='ls -l'
export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

function proxy_off(){
    unset http_proxy
    unset https_proxy
    echo -e "The proxy has been closed!"
}
function proxy_on() {
    export no_proxy="127.0.0.1,localhost,10.0.0.0/8,172.0.0.0/8,192.168.0.0/16,*.zerofinance.net"
    export http_proxy="http://127.0.0.1:1082"
    export https_proxy=$http_proxy
    echo -e "The proxy has been opened!"
}

使配置生效：

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. ~/.bashrc

安装git

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sudo apt-get install git
git config --global user.name "dave.zhao"
git config --global user.email dave.zhao@zerofinance.com
git config --global core.autocrlf false
git config --global core.safecrlf warn
git config --global core.filemode false
git config --global core.whitespace cr-at-eol
git config --global credential.helper store

gui:

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#https://www.gitkraken.com/
wget https://release.gitkraken.com/linux/gitkraken-amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i gitkraken-amd64.deb

安装输入法

以下是五笔的输入法，如果是拼音的话可以直接搜索搜狗拼音并下载安装即可。

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#sudo apt-get update
#sudo apt-get install im-config fcitx fcitx-config-gtk fcitx-table-wbpy
#重启系统后
#fcitx-config-gtk3
#https://www.beizigen.com/1934.html
#http://yongim.ys168.com/
wget http://ys-c.ys168.com/244626543/TJRtkVk4K465F3K6KM6/yong-lin-2.5.0-0.7z
cp -a yong /opt/
sudo /opt/yong/yong-tool.sh --install
/opt/yong/yong-tool.sh --select
#重启系统后
#如果希望五笔拼音一起打的话，修改五笔的配置为：mb/wbpy.ini
#快捷键：CTRL_LSHIFT LSHIFT CTRL_SPACE

theme

docky

不用安装。

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#可以用docky替换掉plank
sudo apt-get install docky

禁止plank自动启动：
通过dconf搜索monitored-processes关键字，把其中的plank删除即可。
需要把：io.elementary.desktop.cerbere中的plank替换为docky。

皮肤

参考https://vinceliuice.github.io/
https://github.com/vinceliuice/Canta-theme

推荐几个漂亮的皮肤：

eOS-Sierra-Gtk

eOS-Sierra-Gtk

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git clone https://github.com/btd1337/eOS-Sierra-Gtk ~/.local/share/themes/eOS-Sierra-Gtk
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme 'eOS-Sierra-Gtk'

最终效果：

vimix-gtk-themes

vimix-gtk-themes

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git clone https://github.com/vinceliuice/vimix-gtk-themes
cd vimix-gtk-themes
./Install
cd ..
git clone https://github.com/vinceliuice/vimix-icon-theme
cd vimix-icon-theme
./Installer.sh

最终效果：

Sierra-gtk-theme

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#https://github.com/vinceliuice/Sierra-gtk-theme
git clone https://github.com/vinceliuice/Sierra-gtk-theme.git
cd Sierra-gtk-theme
./install.sh

Macos-sierra-CT

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git clone https://github.com/zayronxio/Macos-sierra-CT.git ~/.local/share/icons/Macos-sierra-CT

la-capitaine-icon-theme

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#https://github.com/btd1337/La-Sierra-Icon-Theme
#https://github.com/keeferrourke/la-capitaine-icon-theme.git
mkdir ~/.local/share/icons
git clone https://github.com/btd1337/La-Sierra-Icon-Theme ~/.local/share/icons/La-Sierra 
#or
git clone https://github.com/keeferrourke/la-capitaine-icon-theme.git ~/.local/share/icons/la-capitaine-icon-theme

字体

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#wget "https://dl-sh-ctc-2.pchome.net/25/rm/YosemiteSanFranciscoFont-master.zip"
#mv YosemiteSanFranciscoFont-master SanFranciscoFont
#sudo cp -a SanFranciscoFont /usr/share/fonts/
sudo git clone https://github.com/AppleDesignResources/SanFranciscoFont /usr/share/fonts/SanFranciscoFont

San Francisco Text Medium

添加application菜单

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#https://elementaryos.stackexchange.com/questions/2883/how-can-i-change-the-icon-of-an-application-in-the-elementary-os
sudo apt-get install alacarte
#Icon=/home/dave/.local/share/icons/hicolor/512x512/apps/appimagekit-balena-etcher-electron.png
#rm ~/.config/menus/gnome-applications.menu
#打开主菜单就可以进行添加与修改了

wingpanel-indicator-sys-monitor

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#https://www.linuxslaves.com/2018/10/install-wingpanel-system-monitor-indicator-elementary-os-juno.html
#https://github.com/PlugaruT/wingpanel-indicator-sys-monitor
sudo apt-get install git libglib2.0-dev libgtop2-dev libgranite-dev libgtk-3-dev libwingpanel-2.0-dev meson valac
git clone https://github.com/PlugaruT/wingpanel-indicator-sys-monitor.git && cd wingpanel-indicator-sys-monitor
meson build --prefix=/usr && cd build/ && ninja
sudo ninja install

桌面图标

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#https://github.com/spheras/desktopfolder
#download file from https://github.com/spheras/desktopfolder/releases
sudo dpkg -i com.github.spheras.desktopfolder_1.0.10_amd64.deb
# logout and login

修改开机启动画面

可选。如果不想修改开机启动画面的话，可以不用安装。

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#https://tianyijian.github.io/2018/04/05/ubuntu-boot-animation/
#https://www.gnome-look.org/browse/cat/109/ord/latest/
#https://www.gnome-look.org/p/1237117/
unzip Griffin-Grub-Remix.zip
cd Griffin-Grub-Remix/
sudo ./Install.sh
#reboot

在系统设置–>启动应用程序中添加/usr/bin/stalonetray即可。
也可以在dconf中添加：io.elementary.desktop.cerbere中添加stalonetray。如果被kill会自动启动。

deepin-wine

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#https://github.com/zq1997/deepin-wine
wget -O- https://deepin-wine.i-m.dev/setup.sh | sh

sudo apt-fast install deepin.com.qq.im.light
#配置，修改显示为160dpi
WINEPREFIX=~/.deepinwine/Deepin-QQLight deepin-wine winecfg

sudo apt-fast install deepin.com.wechat
#配置，修改显示为160dpi
WINEPREFIX=~/.deepinwine/Deepin-WeChat deepin-wine winecfg

sudo apt-fast install deepin.com.thunderspeed
#配置，修改显示为160dpi
WINEPREFIX=~/.deepinwine/Deepin-ThunderSpeed deepin-wine winecfg

sudo apt-fast install deepin.com.weixin.work
#配置，修改显示为160dpi
WINEPREFIX=~/.deepinwine/Deepin-WXWork deepin-wine winecfg

sudo apt-fast install deepin-screenshot
sudo apt-fast install deepin-terminal
xdg-open . -> Win+E
deepin-screenshot -> ctrl+alt+Q
deepin-terminal -> ctrl+alt+T

截图

可以在应用中心搜索”深度截图”。

常用快捷键

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xdg-open . -> Win+E
deepin-screenshot -> ctrl+alt+Q
#deepin-terminal -> ctrl+alt+T
io.elementary.terminal -> ctrl+alt+T

Mailspring

从https://getmailspring.com/download下载对应的版本安装即可。

WPS字体

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#https://blog.huzhifeng.com/2017/01/15/WPS/
#https://www.dropbox.com/s/q6rhaorhsbxbylk/wps_symbol_fonts.zip?dl=0
sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/fonts/wps_symbol_fonts
sudo unzip wps_symbol_fonts.zip -d /usr/share/fonts/wps_symbol_fonts
sudo chmod 755 /usr/share/fonts/wps_symbol_fonts

VPN

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sudo apt-get install network-manager-openconnect-gnome
sudo mkdir -p /etc/vpn
cd /etc/vpn
sudo wget http://git.infradead.org/users/dwmw2/vpnc-scripts.git/blob_plain/HEAD:/vpnc-script
sudo chmod +x /etc/vpn/vpnc-script 
# execute
sudo openconnect -u aaa --script=/etc/vpn/vpnc-script --no-dtls x.x.x.x
# 自动登录, 将密码写入MyScript.txt文件中即可
openconnect -u aaa --script=/etc/vpn/vpnc-script --no-dtls x.x.x.x --servercert pin-sha256:+PLuNZB2mIJy8y/Hx3Qwc3QmMh
ZfulMTOy1S5OakhdY= --passwd-on-stdin < MyScript.txt

也可以通过自动输入密码：

安装spawn：

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#安装spawn
sudo apt install expect

以下为对应的脚本：

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#!/usr/bin/expect

set timeout -1
#set PWD vagrant
#spawn passwd
spawn openconnect -u 对应的用户 --script=/etc/vpn/vpnc-script --no-dtls ip
expect "确定"
send "确定\r"
expect "Password:"
send "对应的密码\r"
interact
#expect eof

java

sudo vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh

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export ANDROID_HOME=/Developer/Android/Sdk
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/emulator

export JAVA_HOME=/Developer/java/jdk1.8.0_152
#export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home)
export M2_HOME=/Developer/apache-maven-3.3.9
export GRADLE_USER_HOME=/Developer/.gradle
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$M2_HOME/bin:$PATH

使配置生效：

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source /etc/profile

将settings.xml放到~/.m2/目录下。注意修改localRepository与password为自己的配置。

其它一些常用工具

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#https://www.jianshu.com/p/1e104090ffaa
sudo apt-get install keepassx
sudo apt-get install vlc
sudo apt install synapse
#synapse也可以用albert代替：https://github.com/albertlauncher/albert
#yahei
wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yakumioto/YaHei-Consolas-Hybrid-1.12/master/install.sh | sudo sh
#将alt键打造成command键
sudo vi /usr/share/X11/xkb/keycodes/evdev
#找到LCTL和LALT, 将系统默认的LCTL=37, LALT=64的值互相交换即可。

添加打印机

Linux

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#https://www.kyoceradocumentsolutions.co.za/index/service___support/download_center.false.driver.FS6525MFP._.EN.html#
cd "LinuxPackages/FS-6525MFP series/64bit/Global/English"
sudo ./install.sh
sudo apt install system-config-printer
system-config-printer
#输入URI
socket://192.168.101.2:9100
#选择Provide PPD file->Kyocera FS-6525MFP驱动即可。

Beyond Compare

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wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/deepin/pool/non-free/b/bcompare/bcompare_4.1.9-21719_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i bcompare_4.1.9-21719_amd64.deb
#register
#https://gist.github.com/satish-setty/04e1058d3043f4d10e2d52feebe135e8
#https://my.oschina.net/sfshine/blog/1829595
sudo sed -i "s/keexjEP3t4Mue23hrnuPtY4TdcsqNiJL-5174TsUdLmJSIXKfG2NGPwBL6vnRPddT7tH29qpkneX63DO9ECSPE9rzY1zhThHERg8lHM9IBFT+rVuiY823aQJuqzxCKIE1bcDqM4wgW01FH6oCBP1G4ub01xmb4BGSUG6ZrjxWHJyNLyIlGvOhoY2HAYzEtzYGwxFZn2JZ66o4RONkXjX0DF9EzsdUef3UAS+JQ+fCYReLawdjEe6tXCv88GKaaPKWxCeaUL9PejICQgRQOLGOZtZQkLgAelrOtehxz5ANOOqCaJgy2mJLQVLM5SJ9Dli909c5ybvEhVmIC0dc9dWH+/N9KmiLVlKMU7RJqnE+WXEEPI1SgglmfmLc1yVH7dqBb9ehOoKG9UE+HAE1YvH1XX2XVGeEqYUY-Tsk7YBTz0WpSpoYyPgx6Iki5KLtQ5G-aKP9eysnkuOAkrvHU8bLbGtZteGwJarev03PhfCioJL4OSqsmQGEvDbHFEbNl1qJtdwEriR+VNZts9vNNLk7UGfeNwIiqpxjk4Mn09nmSd8FhM4ifvcaIbNCRoMPGl6KU12iseSe+w+1kFsLhX+OhQM8WXcWV10cGqBzQE9OqOLUcg9n0krrR3KrohstS9smTwEx9olyLYppvC0p5i7dAx2deWvM1ZxKNs0BvcXGukR+/g" /usr/lib/beyondcompare/BCompare

Then restart BC, click “Enter License”:

— BEGIN LICENSE KEY —
GXN1eh9FbDiX1ACdd7XKMV7hL7x0ClBJLUJ-zFfKofjaj2yxE53xauIfkqZ8FoLpcZ0Ux6McTyNmODDSvSIHLYhg1QkTxjCeSCk6ARz0ABJcnUmd3dZYJNWFyJun14rmGByRnVPL49QH+Rs0kjRGKCB-cb8IT4Gf0Ue9WMQ1A6t31MO9jmjoYUeoUmbeAQSofvuK8GN1rLRv7WXfUJ0uyvYlGLqzq1ZoJAJDyo0Kdr4ThF-IXcv2cxVyWVW1SaMq8GFosDEGThnY7C-SgNXW30jqAOgiRjKKRX9RuNeDMFqgP2cuf0NMvyMrMScnM1ZyiAaJJtzbxqN5hZOMClUTE+++
— END LICENSE KEY —–

XMind 8

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wget http://dl2.xmind.cn/xmind-8-update8-linux.zip
sudo unzip xmind-8-update8-linux.zip -d /Developer/xmind-8
#run /Developer/xmind-8/XMind_amd64/XMind
#Put icon into applications, you should create a file:
#cd /Developer/xmind-8/XMind_amd64/
#echo "cd /Developer/xmind-8/XMind_amd64 && ./XMind" > xmind
#chmod +x xmind
#If you want to crack, please see: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40576010/article/details/89323313
vim /Developer/xmind-8/XMind_amd64
-javaagent:/Developer/xmind-8/XMind_amd64/XMindCrack.jar
cd /Developer/xmind-8/XMind_amd64/
./xmind
断开网络(一定要这步骤）， 打开Xmind, 在帮助->序列号
邮箱输入：x@iroader.me
序列号：
XAka34A2rVRYJ4XBIU35UZMUEEF64CMMIYZCK2FZZUQNODEKUHGJLFMSLIQMQUCUBXRENLK6NZL37JXP4PZXQFILMQ2RG5R7G4QNDO3PSOEUBOCDRYSSXZGRARV6MGA33TN2AMUBHEL4FXMWYTTJDEINJXUAV4BAYKBDCZQWVF3LWYXSDCXY546U3NBGOI3ZPAP2SO3CSQFNB7VVIY123456789012345
点击确认，然后关闭xmind, 重开，点击帮助->关于xmind，如果显示激活为，就是成功

SecureCRT

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wget wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl1.0/libssl1.0.0_1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.7_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libssl1.0.0_1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.7_amd64.deb
sudo cp -a /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/77/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython2.7.so.1.0 /usr/local/lib/
sudo ldconfig -v
#https://blog.csdn.net/duapple/article/details/117757050
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linuxuprising/libpng12 
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libpng12-0
#install
sudo dpkg -i scrt-sfx-8.3.4-1699.ubuntu16-64.x86_64.deb
#crack
rm /tmp/.securecrt.tmp
sudo perl securecrt_linux_crack.pl /usr/bin/SecureCRT

virtualbox

下载virtualbox与Extension_Pack，直接安装即可。不过安装后虚拟机不能找到usb，是因为没有权限，通过以下命令解决：

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#https://blog.csdn.net/huohongpeng/article/details/60965563
cat /etc/group | grep vbox
sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers dave

重启系统，再次打开虚拟机，USB设备都已经被识别了。

系统备份与还原

备份

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#https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_27554409/article/details/78227496
#备份
sudo tar -cvpzf /media/dave/DATA/elementary.backup.tgz --ignore-failed-read --exclude=/proc --exclude=/lost+found --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/sys --exclude=/media --exclude=/tmp --exclude=/Developer / > /dev/null

还原

如果原来的Ubuntu系统已经崩溃，无法进入。则可以使用Ubuntu安装U盘（live USB）进入试用Ubuntu界面。

切换到root用户，找到之前Ubuntu系统的根目录所在磁盘分区（一般电脑上的磁盘分区（假设分区名称为sdaX）均可以在当前Ubuntu系统的根目录下的media目录下（即/media）找到。目录通常为当前根目录下 cd /media/磁盘名称/分区名称）。进入该分区，输入以下指令来删除该根目录下的所有文件：

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sudo rm -rf /media/磁盘名称/分区名称*

将备份文件”elementary.backup.tgz”拷入该分区：

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sudo cp -i elementary.backup.tgz /media/磁盘名/分区名sdaX

进入分区并将压缩文件解压缩，参数x是告诉tar程序解压缩备份文件：

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sudo tar xvpfz elementary.backup.tgz

重新创建那些在备份时被排除在外的目录：

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sudo mkdir proc lost+found mnt sys media tmp Developer